Which mode is typically used for welding at low currents in GMAW?

Short circuit transfer is the mode typically used for welding at low currents in Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). In this mode, a small droplet of molten metal forms at the tip of the electrode and shorts out against the workpiece. As this droplet contacts the workpiece, the electrical current causes it to transfer, creating a short circuit. This is effective for welding thinner materials and allows for better control of heat input, making it suitable for low current applications.

This method also produces lower levels of spatter, which is essential when working with thinner materials, as excessive heat can lead to burn-through or warpage. Short circuit transfer is beneficial in positional welding and can also result in a more refined bead appearance due to the precise control over the arc.

While other methods such as spray transfer may be used for higher currents and thicker materials, and weaving techniques and push or pull techniques refer to motion strategies rather than modes of transfer, they are not suited for low-current operations. The focus on short circuit transfer for low-current applications helps ensure a stable arc and better penetration in thinner workpieces, making it the preferred choice in those scenarios.