What is joint preparation in welding?

Joint preparation in welding refers to the careful preparation of the edges of base metals before they are joined together. This process is critical because proper joint preparation ensures that the weld will penetrate effectively and bond the materials thoroughly, which ultimately affects the strength and integrity of the weld. The preparation may involve machining, grinding, or cleaning the edges to remove contaminants like rust, paint, or oils. It can also include shaping the edges to suit specific joint designs, such as butt joints, lap joints, or corner joints. By ensuring that the surfaces are appropriately aligned and in good condition, joint preparation significantly enhances the quality of the final weld.